The Dodd-Frank Act gave the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau the authority to draw regulations to define what customary and reasonable (C&R) fees are that should be paid to appraisers. Because the bureau has yet to promulgate such rules, some states have conducted their own fee studies to determine what C&R fees are, and to what standard they should hold AMCs. One AMC executive says navigating different standards and fees from state to state, or complying with earlier federal regulations in states which have not done fee studies, can be a confusing task. Read on for more details.